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着陆缓冲装置的性能主要依靠缓冲器来实现,而缓冲器的仿真建模是虚拟样机设计的关键,传统的缓冲器建模方法主要采用理论公式法,其精度较难确定。根据无人机的使用要求,设计一种适用于伞降回收的滑橇缓冲方案;运用缓冲器静压试验及缓冲器落震试验数据曲线建立缓冲器动力学模型;基于缓冲器动力学模型研究全机多刚体落震模型,对无人机着陆缓冲过程的动态特性进行仿真分析;应用有限元技术对滑橇结构动态响应进行非线性动力学仿真分析,并根据仿真结果优化滑橇缓冲装置设计参数。结果表明:仿真结果与全机落震试验结果相吻合;所建立的无人机落震模型精度较高,满足工程需要,能极大地减少试验成本,缩短研制周期。
The performance of the landing buffer mainly depends on the buffer, and the simulation of the buffer is the key to the virtual prototyping design. The traditional buffer modeling method mainly uses the theoretical formula method, whose precision is difficult to determine. According to the requirements of UAV, a kind of sled buffer scheme is designed for parachute drop recovery. The buffer dynamic model is established by using the static pressure test of shock absorber and the data curve of shock absorber drop test. Based on the study of shock absorber dynamics model The whole body multi-rigid body dropout model is used to simulate and analyze the dynamic characteristics of the landing cushioning process of the UAV. The dynamic response of the sleigh structure is simulated by nonlinear finite element method, and the design of the sled buffer device is optimized according to the simulation results parameter. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with those of the whole machine. The accuracy of the UAV drop model is high enough to meet the needs of the project, which can greatly reduce the test cost and shorten the development cycle.