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伍连德生于南洋槟榔屿的一个华侨家庭,从小在当地受英文教育,后留学英国,获得剑桥大学医学博士学位。1908年应聘回国,担任天津陆军医学堂副监督。1910—1911年间他奉命领导医疗防疫团队成功扑灭了东北大瘟疫。清朝被推翻后,他先后担任多位民国领袖的特医;也先后在民初政府、北洋政府和国民政府时期出任东三省防疫事务总管理处处长、全国海港检疫事务管理处处长等职。他先后在中国成立了二十几所医院和医学机构,被誉为“近代中国医学先驱”。以上所述,只是伍连德在中国的三十年(1908—1937)的人生高峰期。他人生的前期(1879—1907)则是在南洋和欧洲度过,人生的后期(1938—1960)也在南洋度过。他在南洋活跃于各项事业,被尊称为“海峡华人三杰”之一。本文将从时间和时代(从晚清到当代)以及空间和地域(东南亚和中国)纵横交错的视角,来重新审视和理解这位历史人物,并将以当事人的回忆和同时代人的记录,以及后人的论述和历史记忆来讨论史料和史观的关系。
Wu Liande was born in Penang, Nanyang an overseas Chinese family, grew up in English education, after studying in the UK, received a doctor’s degree from Cambridge University. In 1908, he applied for returning home and served as deputy supervisor of Tianjin Army Medical School. From 1910 to 1911, he was ordered to lead the medical and epidemic prevention team to successfully put out the plague in Northeast China. After the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, he served as a special doctor for a number of leaders of the Republic of China. He also successively served as Chief of the Division for Disease Control and Prevention and Director of the National Harbor Quarantine Administration during the period of the government of the Republic of China, Beiyang Government and the National Government. . He successively set up more than 20 hospitals and medical institutions in China and was praised as “a pioneer of modern Chinese medicine.” The above is only the peak of Wu Liende’s life in China for three decades (1908-1937). His early life (1879-1907) was spent in Nanyang and Europe, and his later life (1938-1960) was spent in the South Seas. He is active in various undertakings in Southeast Asia and is known as one of the “Three Chinese Straits”. This article will re-examine and understand the historical figure from the perspective of time and time (from late Qing Dynasty to contemporary times) and space and region (Southeast Asia and China), and will take the memories of the parties and the contemporaries’ records, As well as the descendants’ discussions and historical memories to discuss the relationship between historical materials and historical values.