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采用RAMP分子标记技术对80份甘蔗种质(32份祖亲种、48份栽培品种或品系)的遗传基础进行了分析。从30对引物组合中筛选出4对多态性较强引物,构建了甘蔗80份种质的RAMP指纹图谱,这4对引物组合共扩增出84条带,其多态性为91.7%。80份种质的遗传相似系数变化范围在0.433~0.988,平均0.710。聚类分析表明,随着相似系数结合线的不同,可分别将参试的甘蔗种质从属间(甘蔗属与斑茅种)、野生种(割手密种、大茎野生种、印度种、中国种)与栽培种(热带种)间、栽培种与杂交栽培品种(或品系)间区别开来。各祖亲种与杂交栽培品种(或品系)的遗传相似性由大到小依次为热带种>印度种和中国种>大茎野生种>云南割手密种>其他割手密种>斑茅。另外,本试验首次利用RAMP标记,获得了部分热带种、野生种及斑茅种特异片段,并发现这些特异片段能不同程度地在具有其血缘的栽培种中得到传递。
The genetic basis of 80 sugarcane germplasm (32 progeny, 48 cultivars or lines) was analyzed using the RAMP molecular marker technique. Four pairs of primers were screened out from 30 pairs of primers, and RAMP fingerprinting of 80 accessions of sugarcane was constructed. A total of 84 bands were amplified with the 4 pairs of primers, and the polymorphism was 91.7%. The genetic similarity coefficient of 80 germplasms varied from 0.433 to 0.988 with an average of 0.710. Cluster analysis showed that with the different line of similarity coefficient, the sugarcane germplasm (genus Sugarcane and dactylorhiza), the wild species (genus Seeding, large stem wild species, Indian species, Chinese species) and cultivars (tropical species), cultivars and hybrid cultivars (or strains) to distinguish between. The genetic similarity of the ancestor and hybrid cultivars (or lines) in descending order was tropical species> Indian and Chinese species> large stem wild species> Yunnan cut mongolica> other cut moth seeds> . In addition, we used RAMP markers for the first time to obtain some specific fragments of tropical, wild species and locust species, and found that these specific fragments can be transmitted to cultivars with their bloodlines in varying degrees.