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目的了解儿童专科医院感染的实际情况、抗菌药物使用情况,发现医院感染管理中存在的问题,为提高医院感染的管理水平提供科学依据。方法采取床边调查和住院病历调查相结合,填写统一的个案调查表,对2009年12月8日的住院患儿进行医院感染现患率调查。结果调查住院患儿475例,医院感染现患率5.89%,感染例次率为6.10%;日抗菌药物使用品种31种,使用率为88.84%;感染部位主要为上呼吸道和消化道。结论儿童医院感染主要部位是上呼吸道和消化道感染,与成人综合医院有所不同;对于儿童,住院过程中的许多因素均是引起医院内感染的高危因素;对感染高发科室,需重点监控,加强环境清洁和消毒,认真落实各项无菌操作技术规范等法律法规;落实医务人员手卫生规范;加强抗菌药物使用管理,杜绝抗菌药物的滥用。
Objective To understand the actual situation of pediatric hospital infection, the use of antimicrobial agents and found that the problems in the management of hospital infection, to provide a scientific basis for improving the management of nosocomial infections. Methods A combination of bedside survey and inpatient medical records was used to fill in a unified case questionnaire to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections in hospitalized children on December 8, 2009. Results 475 inpatients were hospitalized, the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 5.89%, and the infection rate was 6.10%. There were 31 kinds of antibacterials used daily, the utilization rate was 88.84%. The main infection sites were upper respiratory tract and digestive tract. Conclusion The main parts of children’s hospital infection are upper respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, which are different from those of adult general hospitals. For children, many factors in the process of hospitalization are the high risk factors of nosocomial infections. For those with high incidence of infectious diseases, Strengthen environmental cleanliness and disinfection, conscientiously implement the laws and regulations such as the technical specifications of aseptic technique, implement the hand hygiene norms of medical personnel, strengthen the administration of antimicrobial use and eliminate the abuse of antimicrobial agents.