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目的分析2008-2013年江西省5岁以下儿童的主要死因及死亡率的变化趋势。方法选取江西省5岁以下儿童死亡监测网收集的2008-2013年的死亡资料,计算全省儿童年龄别死亡率及主要死因别构成。结果 2013年江西省新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为6.3‰、9.4‰和14.7‰,较2008年(9.3‰、14.0‰和18.8‰)分别下降了32.3%、32.9%和21.8%。2008-2013年,江西省5岁以下儿童的早产或低出生体重、肺炎、出生窒息和意外窒息的死亡率有明显下降趋势,溺水作为主要死亡原因的排位不断上升。结论 2008-2013年江西省新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率均有明显下降趋势,死亡率的下降在农村地区尤为明显,但城乡的差异仍较大。
Objective To analyze the trend of the major causes of death and mortality in children under 5 years of age in Jiangxi province during 2008-2013. Methods The death data of 2008 - 2013 collected by the death monitoring network for children under 5 years old in Jiangxi Province were selected to calculate the age-specific mortality and the main cause of death among children in the province. Results The death rates of newborns, infants and children under 5 years old in Jiangxi Province in 2013 were 6.3 ‰, 9.4 ‰ and 14.7 ‰, down by 32.3%, 32.9% and 21.8% respectively compared with that in 2008 (9.3 ‰, 14.0 ‰ and 18.8 ‰) %. In 2008-2013, there was a clear downward trend in the rate of premature birth or low birth weight, pneumonia, asphyxia and accidental asphyxia among children under 5 in Jiangxi Province, and drowning ranks as the leading cause of death. Conclusion The mortality rates of newborns, infants and children under 5 in Jiangxi province have obviously decreased from 2008 to 2013. The decline of death rate is more obvious in rural areas, but the difference between urban and rural areas is still large.