植物原位阻截铅锌矿区土壤重金属效果和配置模式研究

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为了研究铅锌矿区植物原位阻截土壤废渣重金属效果和配置模式,采用多种植物栽培和径流小区收集水样测定的方法,3年生植物的研究结果表明:苎麻、苦楝、构树可降低废弃尾沙坝地表径流水中重金属Pb负荷输出9.04%~9.64%。栾树、构树、芦苇、苦楝、刺槐可降低地表径流水中重金属Cd负荷输出67.0%~75.86%,构树、高羊茅、刺槐、栾树、芦苇、狗牙根、五节芒可降低地表径流水中重金属Cu负荷输出52.64%~70.97%,刺槐、女贞可降低地表径流水中重金属Zn负荷输出74.99%~78.35%;在重金属污染林地,刺槐可降低地表径流水中重金属Pb负荷输出40.96%,苦楝可降低地表径流水中重金属Cd负荷输出60.42%。构树通过植物富集,可以使铅锌尾矿区尾沙中Pb、Cd、As、Zn的含量分别降低31.87%、41.28%、29.48%、38.45%;女贞可以使铅锌尾矿区尾沙中Pb、Cd、As、Zn的含量分别降低27.31%、39.52%、33.47%、27.59%。植物原位阻截和修复重金属机理一是植物富集了土壤中重金属,二是植物使土壤中重金属形态发生了变化,这种机理有待进一步研究。
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