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制备含Y过共晶Fe-Cr-C堆焊合金,采用不同的热处理工艺,得到了不同基体的过共晶Fe-Cr-C合金。采用光学显微镜对其组织进行了观察,采用X射线衍射仪对其相结构进行了分析,采用硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机对其硬度和耐磨性进行了测定,采用扫描电镜对磨损形貌进行观察。结果表明,4种合金组织都是主要由初生碳化物以及共晶组织构成。焊态时,基体为奥氏体+部分马氏体;950℃退火后,基体为铁素体;950℃淬火后,基体为马氏体+残留奥氏体;450℃回火后,基体为回火马氏体+残留奥氏体。合金的硬度和耐磨性变化随基体组织的变化而变化,950℃退火试样硬度最低、耐磨性最差,950℃淬火试样硬度最高、耐磨性最好,450℃回火试样抗开裂性能较好。过共晶Fe-Cr-C堆焊合金的磨损机制主要是微切削和微犁削。
Preparation of Y-containing hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C surfacing alloy, using different heat treatment process, obtained a different matrix of hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy. The microstructure was observed by optical microscopy. The phase structure was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer. The hardness and wear resistance were measured by using a durometer and a friction and wear testing machine. The wear morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy Observed. The results show that the four kinds of alloy are mainly composed of primary carbides and eutectic. In the welding state, the matrix is austenite + partial martensite. After annealing at 950 ℃, the matrix is ferrite. After quenching at 950 ℃, the matrix is martensite + retained austenite. After tempering at 450 ℃, the matrix is Tempered martensite + retained austenite. The changes of hardness and wear resistance of the alloy change with the changes of the matrix structure. The hardness of the sample annealed at 950 ℃ is the lowest and the wear resistance is the worst. The hardness of the sample quenched at 950 ℃ is the highest and the wear resistance is the best. The sample tempered at 450 ℃ Anti-cracking performance is better. Hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C surfacing alloy wear mechanism is mainly micro-cutting and micro-plowing.