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目的:了解广西巴马地区壮族长寿家系血压水平和高血压患病率状况。方法:对巴马地区壮族长寿家系1 362位家庭成员进行血压水平、体重、身高、体重指数等测定,并统计高血压患病率,然后与当地非长寿家系597人、其它地区长寿家系282人及非长寿家系725人的结果分别按家系、年龄段和性别进行比较。结果:巴马地区长寿家系的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和高血压患病率与本地区非长寿家系无明显差异(P>0.05),但均高于对照地区的长寿家系和非长寿家系人群(均P<0.01),而且其男性和女性的SBP、DBP水平和高血压患病率均明显高于对照地区(均P<0.01);男性的DBP水平和患病率均明显高于同家系女性(均P<0.01),但SBP无明显区别(P>0.05)。年龄段比较显示,两地区长寿家系和非长寿家系的SBP水平、DBP水平和高血压患病率均随年龄增高而呈现升高的趋势;除80～岁等少数年龄段外,巴马地区长寿家系其它年龄段的SBP水平和高血压患病率均明显高于对照地区。结论:巴马地区壮族长寿家系的血压水平和高血压患病率较高,可能与饮食习惯和饮食结构的改变有关,其深层的机制有待进一步研究。
Objective: To understand the blood pressure level and the prevalence of hypertension in Zhuang longevity pedigrees in Bama region of Guangxi. Methods: The blood pressure, body weight, body height and body mass index of 1 362 family members of Zhuang longevity pedigree in Bama area were measured. The prevalence of hypertension was calculated. Then 597 people with non-longevity and 282 people with longevity in other areas And 725 non-longevous pedigrees were compared by family, age and gender. Results: The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the prevalence of hypertension in the longevity pedigrees in the Bama region were not significantly different from those in the non-longevous families in the region (P> 0.05) (All P <0.01), and the SBP, DBP and the prevalence of hypertension in both male and female were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P <0.01). The male DBP level and prevalence were significantly higher (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between SBP (P> 0.05). Compared with age group, SBP level, DBP level and prevalence of hypertension in longevous and non-longevous families in both regions showed an increasing trend with age. Except for a few age groups ranging from 80 to 40 years, longevity in the Bama region SBP levels and prevalence of hypertension in other age groups were significantly higher than those in the control area. Conclusion: The blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in Zhuang longevity pedigrees in Bama area may be related to changes in dietary habits and dietary structure. The underlying mechanisms need further study.