雨果的一生,几乎贯穿整个19世纪。拿破仑、复辟王朝、二月革命、巴黎公社、普法战争……,惯看了风云变幻,熟听了厮杀呐喊,对人心之难测、世事之诡谲,自有探究和心得,尤其是雨果这样一位充满人道情怀和社会良知而决非“象牙塔”里的艺术家。可以说,他将一生关于社会、艺术和人的思考都写进了作品并传达于世。对其丰厚精深的文学创作之基本思想倾向和突出艺术风格,人们通常以“人道主义”和“浪漫主义”分别予以蔽之。其浪漫主义宣言《〈克伦威尔〉序言》中提出 Hugo’s life lasted almost throughout the 19th century. Napoleon, the restoration of the dynasty, the February Revolution, the Paris Commune, and the Franco-Prussian War... were used to seeing the changes of the world, and they listened to killing and shouting. They were unpredictable to the human heart, and were unfathomable to the human world. They had their own exploration and experience, especially Hugo. An artist full of humanity and social conscience is by no means an artist in the “Ivory Tower.” It can be said that he has written his thoughts on society, art and people into his works and communicated to the world. The basic ideological tendencies and artistic styles of his rich and profound literary creation are generally shielded by “humanism” and “romanticism”. In his Romantic Declaration “Prelude to Cromwell”