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目的了解贵州省2008-2015年手足口病(Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)病原谱构成和分布特征,为HFMD预防控制提供参考。方法收集贵州省各市(州)采集的HFMD病例标本和临床信息,并采用Real time-PCR检测肠道病毒(EV)感染状况,进行描述性分析。结果 2008-2015年共收集和检测30 069份HFMD病例标本,其中EV阳性16 122份(53.62%)。在EV阳性标本中,肠道病毒A71型(EV-A71)阳性5 004份(31.04%),柯萨奇病毒A16型(CV-A16)阳性3 532份(21.91%),EV-A71和CV-A16均阳性145份(0.90%),其他EV阳性7 441份(46.15%)。六盘水、黔西南州和铜仁市以EV-A71感染为主,其他6个市(州)以其他EV感染为主。3-5月为感染季节高峰,1岁组为感染年龄高峰。轻型病例以其他EV感染居多(48.17%),重症和死亡病例以EV-A71(51.42%和83.64%)居多。结论贵州省大部分地区HFMD流行的病原谱发生变化,需进一步加强监测工作。
Objective To understand the composition and distribution of pathogenic spectrum of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Guizhou Province from 2008 to 2015, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Samples and clinical information of HFMD cases collected from cities and counties in Guizhou Province were collected. Real time-PCR was used to detect the infection status of enterovirus (EV), and the descriptive analysis was performed. Results A total of 30 069 HFMD cases were collected and tested during 2008-2015, of which 16 122 were EV positive (53.62%). Among the EV positive specimens, 5 004 (31.04%) were positive for Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), 3 532 (21.91%) were positive for Coxsackie A16 (CV-A16), EV-A71 and CV 145 were positive for -A16 (0.90%) and 7 441 were for other EV (46.15%). Liupanshui, Qianxinan Prefecture and Tongren City were predominantly infected with EV-A71, while the other six cities (prefectures) dominated other EV infections. 3-5 months for the peak season of infection, 1-year-old group for the peak age of infection. In the mild cases, most of the other EVs were infected (48.17%), and severe cases and death cases were mostly EV-A71 (51.42% and 83.64%). Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in most parts of Guizhou Province has changed. It is necessary to further strengthen monitoring.