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【目的】探明我国甜樱桃营养现状,为甜樱桃种植者提供叶片养分分析参考。【方法】2010—2012年在我国甜樱桃主产区,选优质丰产、无生理病害症状、无大小年的7~15 a生植株,于7月中旬至8月中旬,取树体外围新梢中部叶片,测定氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、硼、铜10个元素,统计分析各元素养分含量范围,以及年度、品种、砧木、地区间差异。【结果】钾、硼年度间差异不显著,其他元素有一定差异,但变幅不大;‘萨米脱’、‘红灯’、‘美早’、‘拉宾斯’4个品种间无显著差异;‘大青叶’与‘吉塞拉5’2个砧木间镁、氮、钾、钙、锌差异显著,铁、锰、硼、铜差异不显著;不同地区间铁、锰2个元素变化较大,其他元素差异不大。将3年数据综合统计分析,得出优质丰产甜樱桃叶片氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、硼、铜养分含量范围分别为(17.35±3.14)g·kg-1、(3.19±0.69)g·kg-1、(10.36±2.81)g·kg-1、(10.15±3.84)g·kg-1、(3.50±0.50)g·kg-1、(133.24±47.35)mg·kg-1、(138.93±59.83)mg·kg-1、(24.86±7.93)mg·kg-1、(36.50±5.29mg·kg-1、(20.81±12.58)mg·kg-1。氮磷钾比例为1∶0.2∶0.6,钙镁钾比例为1∶0.3∶1,磷/锌为126,铁/锰为1,钾/镁为3。【结论】甜樱桃叶片养分组成受砧木影响最大,也因年份、地区不同出现差异,但受品种影响较小。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to find out the status of nutrition of sweet cherry in China and to provide references for the nutrient analysis of leaves for sweet cherry growers. 【Method】 From 2010 to 2012, 7-15-year-old plants with high quality and high yield, no symptoms of physiological diseases and no size of year were planted in the sweet cherry producing areas in China. From mid-July to mid-August, Middle leaves and 10 elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, boron and copper, the statistical analysis of the nutrient content range of each element, as well as the annual, varieties, rootstocks and regional differences. 【Result】 The results showed that there was no significant difference between potassium and boron years, but there were some differences among other elements, but the amplitudes were not significant. There were no significant differences among the four varieties of ’Sami off’, ’Red light’, ’American morning’ and ’Labins’ There was significant difference between the two cultivars of ’Daqingye’ and ’Guisera’. There was no significant difference in the contents of Mg, N, K, Ca, Large changes in elements, other elements of little difference. According to the 3-year statistics, the nutrient contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, B and Cu of high quality and high yield sweet cherry were (17.35 ± 3.14) g · kg- (3.19 ± 0.69) g · kg -1, (10.36 ± 2.81) g · kg -1, (10.15 ± 3.84) g · kg -1, (3.50 ± 0.50) g · kg -1, (133.24 ± 47.35) mg · Kg -1 · (138.93 ± 59.83) mg · kg -1 · (24.86 ± 7.93) mg · kg -1 · (36.50 ± 5.29 mg · kg -1 · (20.81 ± 12.58) mg · kg -1) Potassium ratio of 1: 0.2: 0.6, calcium-magnesium-potassium ratio of 1: 0.3:1, phosphorus / zinc ratio of 126, iron / manganese ratio of 1 and potassium / magnesium ratio of 3. 【Conclusion】 The nutrient composition of sweet cherry leaves is most affected by rootstocks , But also because of differences in the year and region, but less affected by the variety.