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目的探讨河滩禁牧对汉川市血吸虫病疫情的影响。方法2005~2007年,在汉川市汉北河流域实施河滩禁牧综合措施,分别选择上、中、下游沿堤各1个村进行观察,分析耕牛粪便污染和螺情、病情变化。结果2004年基线调查显示:3个村存栏耕牛多,相应的汉北河段面河滩和防浪林牛粪污染严重,感染性钉螺密度高,人群感染率均>8.9%;2005~2007年实施禁牧后,3个村耕牛逐年减少,至2007年全部淘汰,汉北河河滩和防浪林牛粪及阳性粪数量逐年减少,感染螺平均密度逐年下降,人群感染率逐年下降;但上游2006年河滩牛粪污染严重,感染性钉螺密度显著增高。结论汉川市汉北河河滩禁牧3年后,防治效果显著;在同一流域整体同步实施禁牧,能有效降低感染螺密度和人群感染率。
Objective To investigate the effects of grazing ban on the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Hanchuan City. Methods From 2005 to 2007, a comprehensive ban on animal husbandry in floodplain was implemented in Hanbei River catchment in Hanchuan City. One, two and three villages along the embankment were selected for observation. The pollution, spirochetes and changes in the condition of cattle dung were analyzed. Results The baseline survey in 2004 showed that there were more cattle and more cattle in the three villages, the corresponding river banks and surf cow dung pollution in the Han River, the high density of infected snails, and the infection rate of the population were all> 8.9%. From 2005 to 2007 After banning grazing, the number of cattle in three villages decreased year by year and was eliminated by 2007. The number of cattle manure and positive manure in Hanbeihe riverbank and anti-river forest decreased year by year. The average density of infected snails declined year by year, but the infection rate in the population declined year by year. However, Cow dung pollution in riverside beaches was severe, and the density of infected snails was significantly higher. Conclusion Han Banhe Hanchuan Beach in Hanchuan City had a significant control effect after 3 years of ban on animal husbandry. The banning of grazing in the same basin as a whole could effectively reduce the snail density and population infection rate.