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目的研究气管切开患者医院感染状况,分析危险因素。方法通过回顾性调查与病原学检测,对67例气管切开患者医院感染发生率及其危险因素进行研究。结果本医院在2010-2011年期间共有67例住院患者实施气管切开治疗,发生医院感染48例,医院感染率71.6%。感染部位主要为下呼吸道感染。有53例次感染患者送检病原学标本,检出病原菌37株,革兰阴性菌占86.5%,多数为耐药菌株。气管切开并留置插管是引发感染的主要因素,患者长期卧床、伴随心血管疾病、高龄等因素与感染密切相关。结论气管切开患者医院感染率高,影响因素多,下呼吸道感染后果严重,只有采取综合防控措施方可奏效。
Objective To study the status of nosocomial infection in tracheotomy patients and analyze the risk factors. Methods By retrospective investigation and pathogen detection, the incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infection in 67 tracheotomy patients were studied. Results A total of 67 hospitalized patients underwent tracheotomy in our hospital during 2010-2011. There were 48 hospital-acquired infections and 71.6% hospital-acquired infections. The main site of infection is lower respiratory tract infection. There were 53 cases of infection in patients with etiological specimens sent for detection of pathogenic bacteria 37 strains, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 86.5%, the majority of drug-resistant strains. Tracheostomy and indwelling intubation is the main factor causing infection, patients with long-term bed, with cardiovascular disease, aging and other factors are closely related to infection. Conclusions Patients with tracheostomy have a high rate of hospital infection and many influencing factors, and the consequences of lower respiratory tract infection are serious. Comprehensive prevention and control measures can be taken only if they are effective.