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温室条件下,分别用浓度为150、300、350 mmol/L的NaCl和Na2SO4处理‘石头扁桃’和‘桃扁桃’实生苗植株,处理10 d后分别测定其叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、细胞间隙CO2浓度,并观察叶绿体超微结构的变化。研究发现:(1)盐胁迫下,‘石头扁桃’和‘桃扁桃’chl a、chl b均在低浓度盐区含量最高,而在高浓度盐区含量最低,Na2SO4处理区chl a、chl b含量均低于NaCl处理区;(2)‘石头扁桃’和‘桃扁桃’叶片净光合速率随盐浓度的增加而下降,‘石头扁桃’下降的幅度较大;(3)‘桃扁桃’叶片细胞间隙CO2浓度随盐浓度的增加而升高,但‘石头扁桃’叶片细胞间隙的CO2浓度变化没有稳定的规律;(4)2个品种的叶片气孔导度均随盐浓度的增加而降低;(5)盐胁迫后,叶绿体基粒、基质片层扭曲,类囊体肿胀;随盐浓度的增加,形变加剧,叶绿体由椭圆形肿胀成圆形,叶绿体膜解体,且‘石头扁桃’叶绿体对盐胁迫比较敏感。综合分析发现,2种盐胁迫对植物造成伤害的机理不同,‘石头扁桃’的耐盐能力较差。
Under the condition of greenhouse, the seedlings of ’Prunus avium’ and ’Almond’ were treated with 150, 300 and 350 mmol / L NaCl and Na2SO4 respectively. After 10 days of treatment, their chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate Conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and observe the changes of chloroplast ultrastructure. The results showed that: (1) Under salt stress, the contents of chl a and chl b were the highest in low salinity area and lowest in high salinity area, respectively. The contents of chl a, chl b (2) The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of ’Almond’ and ’Almond’ decreased with the increase of salt concentration, and the decrease of ’Alnusmillum’ was larger. (3) The intercellular CO2 concentration increased with the increase of salt concentration, but the change of CO2 concentration in interstitial space did not have a stable rule. (4) The leaf stomatal conductance of two cultivars decreased with the increase of salt concentration. (5) After salt stress, the chloroplast grana and stroma lamellae twisted and the thylakoid became swollen. With the increase of salt concentration, the deformation became aggravate. The chloroplast swelled from oval to round, and the chloroplast membrane disintegrated. Salt stress is more sensitive. Comprehensive analysis showed that the mechanism of damage caused by two kinds of salt stress was different, and the salt tolerance of ’Almond stone’ was poor.