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【目的】分析3~12岁儿童弱视屈光状态、视功能发育的特点、临床治疗情况等因素对弱视发病的影响,为临床防治提供可靠的依据。【方法】选择2007年12月—2009年4月间就诊的南京地区3~12岁弱视儿童285例全部进行远视力,常规眼前节及眼底检查,排除眼部器质性病变,角膜映光法检查眼位。用1%阿托品眼膏散瞳检影验光,进行屈光状态检查,并将所有患儿综合治疗后观察疗效并分析。【结果】285例弱视儿童483只视力低下眼中,远视性屈光不正439眼(90.89%);以双眼的复性远视顺规散光为主。3~7岁组患儿200例384眼,双眼屈光不正性弱视占总眼数的63.98%,斜视性弱视占11.09%;8~12岁组患儿85例99眼,单眼弱视多见,原因依次为单眼的高度远视伴散光占总眼数的23.69%,单眼斜视占4.85%,眼部先天性疾病及外伤占3.96%。综合疗法治疗效果3~7岁组优于8~12岁组(P<0.05)。【结论】3~7岁组学龄前儿童弱视主要是远视性屈光不正和斜视,8~12岁组以单眼弱视多见。弱视发现越早,程度越轻治疗效果越好。早期发现、及时治疗是挽救视力、减少儿童和青少年弱视的关键。
【Objective】 To analyze the influence of amblyopia, visual function development, clinical treatment and other factors on the incidence of amblyopia in children aged 3 ~ 12 years, so as to provide a reliable basis for clinical prevention and treatment. 【Methods】 A total of 285 eyes of visually impaired children aged 3 ~ 12 years old from Nanjing, China from December 2007 to April 2009 were enrolled in this study. Total distance vision, routine anterior segment and fundus examination were performed to exclude eye organic disease. Check the eye position. With 1% atropine eye ointment mydriasis retinoscopy, refractive status examination, and all children treated with comprehensive treatment efficacy and analysis. 【Result】 Among 285 eyes of 48 children with amblyopia, 293 eyes (90.89%) had myopia with poor vision, and hyperopic hyperreflexia was the main symptom. There were 384 eyes of 200 children aged 3-7 years old, 63.98% of eyes with ametropia amblyopia, 11.09% of strabismic amblyopia, 85 eyes of 99 eyes of 8-12 years old group, The reasons were monocular height hyperopia with astigmatism accounted for 23.69% of the total number of eyes, monocular strabismus accounted for 4.85%, ocular congenital diseases and trauma accounted for 3.96%. The curative effect of the combination therapy was better in the 3-7-year-old group than the 8-12-year-old group (P <0.05). 【Conclusion】 Amblyopia in preschool children aged 3-7 years old is mainly myopia and strabismus. Ocular amblyopia is more common in 8-12 years old group. Amblyopia found earlier, to a lesser extent the better treatment. Early detection and timely treatment are the keys to saving eyesight and reducing amblyopia in children and adolescents.