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目的探讨住院冠心病患者焦虑和抑郁的症状发生率及严重程度。方法509例冠心病患者分为稳定性心绞痛(SA)、不稳定性心绞痛(UA)、非ST段抬高性心肌梗死(NSTEMI)和ST段抬高性心肌梗死(STEMI)4组,选用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对患者进行心理调查并分析。结果总体和各亚组冠心病患者SAS标准分和SDS标准分均显著高于国内标准常模分值(P<0.05);UA组SAS标准分及焦虑发生率显著高于SA和STEMI组(P<0.05);各亚组发生焦虑的严重程度无统计学差异。不同亚组间SDS标准分、抑郁发生率及抑郁严重程度比较均无统计学差异。女性患者SAS和SDS标准分均显著高于男性患者(P<0.01),女性患者抑郁发生率和严重程度显著高于男性患者(P<0.01和P<0.05)。结论住院冠心病患者各有约四分之一的病例并发不同程度的焦虑和(或)抑郁;UA患者更易并发焦虑;女性患者的抑郁发生率高于男性,且抑郁程度相对较重。
Objective To investigate the incidence and severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease. Methods 509 patients with coronary heart disease were divided into 4 groups: stable angina pectoris (SA), unstable angina pectoris (UA), non ST - segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and ST elevation myocardial infarction Self-rating Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were psychologically investigated and analyzed. Results The scores of SAS standard score and SDS standard score were significantly higher than those of the national standard norm (P <0.05) in the overall and subgroups of patients with coronary heart disease. SAS score and anxiety in UA group were significantly higher than those in SA and STEMI group (P < <0.05). The severity of anxiety in each subgroup was not statistically different. There was no significant difference in SDS standard scores, incidence of depression and severity of depression between different subgroups. The scores of SAS and SDS in female patients were significantly higher than those in male patients (P <0.01). The incidence and severity of depression in female patients were significantly higher than those in male patients (P <0.01 and P <0.05). Conclusions About a quarter of patients with coronary heart disease each have different levels of anxiety and / or depression. UA patients are more likely to suffer from anxiety. Female patients have a higher incidence of depression than men and a greater degree of depression.