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介绍了一种阵列天线快速赋形方法,该方法基于Orchard综合,采用遗传算法对Schelkunoff单位圆零点的位置移动实现波束赋形。波束赋形分为两个步骤:1)根据副瓣电平采用解析法确定初始零点位置;2)以赋形区域内零点径向位移作为自由度,用遗传算法进行赋形区域单目标寻优。相对常见以阵元的幅度相位作为自由度编码的遗传算法赋形,该方法不仅有效避免了副瓣和赋形区的多目标均衡问题,而且算法自由度大幅减少,收敛速度快,能够同时实现较低副瓣电平和赋形区精度要求。通过余割平方赋形和扇形波束两个实例说明该方法的有效性,可以应用于阵列天线快速赋形设计。
An array antenna rapid prototyping method is introduced. Based on Orchard synthesis, genetic algorithm is used to realize the beamforming of the position shift of Schelkunoff’s unit circle zero point. Beamforming is divided into two steps: 1) Determine the initial zero position by analytic method according to the sidelobe level; 2) Take the radial displacement of zero point in the forming area as the degree of freedom, and use genetic algorithm to find the single target in the forming area . It is relatively common to use the amplitude and phase of the array element as the genetic algorithm for the encoding of degrees of freedom. This method not only effectively avoids the multi-objective equalization problem of the sidelobe and the forming area, but also greatly reduces the degree of freedom of the algorithm and the convergence speed, Lower sidelobe level and forming area accuracy requirements. The validity of this method is illustrated by two examples of the residual square shaped and the fan shaped beam, which can be applied to the rapid prototyping of array antennas.