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在欧盟的倡议和推动下,德国通过颁布2005年《能源经济法》,在与网络管道相连的能源市场上逐步确立起竞争性的市场结构。《能源经济法》的核心是通过改善能源市场在上、下游市场的竞争,降低能源网络管道部分的成本,形成合理的网络进入费用,以及实现垂直一体化能源企业的合理拆分,构建新的监管体系等措施来保障能源市场尽可能地实现充分的竞争。德国能源市场化发展经验对中国正在进行的能源市场化改革以及能源法律法规的完善提供了有益的启示。
With the initiative and promotion of the EU, Germany has gradually established a competitive market structure in the energy market connected to the network pipeline by promulgating the 2005 Energy Economic Law. The core of the “Energy Economic Law” is to reduce the cost of the pipe network of energy network, improve the cost of access to the network by improving the competitiveness of the energy market in the upper and lower reaches of the market, and realize the rational splitting of the vertically integrated energy enterprises, and to establish a new Regulatory system and other measures to ensure that the energy market as full as possible to achieve full competition. Germany’s experience in the development of the energy market has provided useful insights into the ongoing energy market reform in China and the improvement of energy laws and regulations.