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目的了解常州市金坛区苯系物对劳动者的职业损伤,为预防和控制提供依据。方法收集2014—2016年接触苯系物劳动者的职业健康检查资料以及作业场所苯系物检测资料,使用Access与SPSS进行数据汇总与分析。结果接触组中血红蛋白含量降低检出率女性为6.3%,男性为0.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);丙氨酸转氨酶升高检出率男性为22.0%,女性为7.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);白细胞计数降低女性检出率为4.0%,略高于男性的2.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);作业场所检测苯超标率为4.7%,甲苯超标率为14.3%,二甲苯超标率为6.3%。苯超标岗位劳动者白细胞计数降低检出率为35.3%,红细胞计数降低检出率为26.5%,血小板计数降低检出率为23.5%,中性粒细胞数降低检出率为11.8%,分别高于对照组的2.6%、1.1%、1.1%、1.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论金坛区苯系物职业危害程度较低,但苯系物检测超标企业的职业危害较为严重,因此应加强对超标企业的监督管理,促使其革新工艺,用低毒代替高毒的原辅料,改进作业场所防护措施,完善职业健康监护,从而降低苯系物的职业损伤。
Objective To understand the occupational injury to laborers by benzene series in Jintan District, Changzhou City, and to provide basis for prevention and control. Methods The occupational health check-up data of workers exposed to benzene series and the test data of benzene series in the workplace were collected from 2014 to 2016, and the data were collected and analyzed by using Access and SPSS. Results The detection rate of hemoglobin in the contact group was 6.3% for women and 0.3% for men, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The detection rate of alanine aminotransferase was 22.0% in males and 7.6% in females, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); the white blood cell count decreased the detection rate of women 4.0%, slightly higher than that of men 2.5%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); workplace benzene detection rate exceeded 4.7% , Toluene exceeded the rate of 14.3%, xylene exceeded the rate of 6.3%. The detection rate of leukocyte count was 35.3%, the detection rate of erythrocyte count was 26.5%, the detection rate of platelet count was 23.5%, the detection rate of neutrophil count was 11.8% The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01) in the control group of 2.6%, 1.1%, 1.1%, 1.5%. Conclusions The occupational hazards of benzene series substances in Jintan are low, but the occupational hazards of benzene series compounds exceeding the standard are more serious. Therefore, the supervision and management of over-standard enterprises should be strengthened so as to promote the innovation process and replace the highly toxic raw materials with low toxicity , Improve workplace protective measures, improve occupational health monitoring, thereby reducing the occupational injury of benzene series.