光电轴角编码器 ,又称光电角位置传感器 ,是一种集光、机、电为一体的数字测角装置。由于它结构简单 ,分辨率高 ,精度高 ,因此已被广泛应用在精密角位置的测量、数控及数显系统中。本文主要介绍了光电轴角编码器在国内外的发展现状 ,并说明了其工作原理及发展历史。针对光电轴角编码器的某些关键技术 ,我们也对其未来的发展趋势进行了扼要阐述 Optical axis encoder, also known as optical angle position sensor, is a collection of light, machine, electricity as one of the digital goniometry. Because of its simple structure, high resolution and high precision, it has been widely used in the measurement of precision angular position, numerical control and digital display system. This paper mainly introduces the development status of photoelectric shaft encoder at home and abroad, and explains its working principle and development history. For some of the key technologies of optical shaft encoders, we also give a brief account of their future development trends