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目的掌握周口市手足口病的流行特征和病原种类,为制定防控对策提供依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对手足口病流行特征进行描述,应用分析性统计学方法对病原检测结果进行分析。结果 2008-2012年周口市共报告手足口病病例18 991例,年均报告发病率为37.69/10万。各年报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5 376.56,P<0.05);3-6月发病数占74.16%;3岁以下年龄组病例占89.92%,散居儿童病例占91.65%;410例实验室诊断病例中,EV71阳性占64.63%,CA16阳性占5.86%,其他肠道病毒阳性占29.51%。不同年份、不同月份、不同病例的EV71、CA16、其他肠道病毒阳性构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论周口市2008-2012年手足口病报告发病率逐年下降,发病呈现明显的季节性高峰,散居儿童为主要发病人群,EV71为主要病原和优势流行株。
Objective To grasp the epidemic characteristics and pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhoukou City, and to provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease, and the results of pathogen detection were analyzed by using statistical methods. Results A total of 18 991 HFMD cases were reported in Zhoukou City from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 37.69 / 100 000. There were significant differences in the reported incidences in all the years (χ2 = 5 376.56, P <0.05); the incidence in March to June accounted for 74.16%; in age group below 3 years 89.92%, in scattered children 91.65%; in 410 Laboratory diagnosis of cases, EV71 positive accounted for 64.63%, CA16 positive accounted for 5.86%, other enterovirus positive accounted for 29.51%. In different years, different months, different cases of EV71, CA16, and other enterovirus positive postive differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in 2008-2012 in Zhoukou City decreased year by year with obvious seasonal peak. The diaspora was the main disease group, with EV71 as the predominant pathogen and prevalent epidemic strain.