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文中利用Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像、SRTM4.1 DEM及ICESat卫星高程数据分别对结则茶卡湖流域的冰川和湖泊面积变化、高程变化、湖泊相对水量变化进行了分析。结果表明:1)1991-2013年流域冰川由133.62km~2±0.02km~2退缩至130.26±0.02km~2,共退缩3.36±0.02km~2,退缩百分比为2.5%;2)1991-2013年流域湖泊由107.87km~2±0.02km~2增加至115.82±0.02km~2,共扩张了7.95±0.02km~2,扩张百分比为7.4%;3)2003-2009年流域冰川水当量高度共降低2.77±0.10m(0.40m·a~(-1)),冰川物质损失为0.38±0.01km~3水当量;湖高程共增加1.46±0.10m(0.21m·a~(-1)),相对水量增加0.16±0.01km~3;4)太阳辐射和升温是冰川消融的主要原因,略有增加的降水不能弥补太阳辐射和升温的影响。冰川融水增加是结则茶卡面积扩张、水位升高的主要原因,略有增加的降水和增加的冻土退化和消融量目前不是湖泊水量增加的主要因素。
Landsat TM / ETM + / OLI remote sensing images, SRTM4.1 DEM and ICESat satellite elevation data were used to analyze the changes of glacier and lake area, the elevation changes and the relative changes of lakes’ water volume in the Jidianchaca Lake basin. The results show that: 1) The glacier in the basin retreated from 133.62km ~ 2 ± 0.02km ~ 2 to 130.26 ± 0.02km ~ 2 from 1991 to 2013, with a total withdrawal of 3.36 ± 0.02km ~ 2 and a 2.5% retraction rate; 2) 1991-2013 The annual lake basin increased from 107.87km ~ 2 ± 0.02km ~ 2 to 115.82 ± 0.02km ~ 2, with a total expansion of 7.95 ± 0.02km ~ 2, with an expansion of 7.4%. 3) The total height of glacier water equivalent in the basin during 2003-2009 (2.77 ± 0.10 m (0.40 m · a -1)), and the material loss of glacier was 0.38 ± 0.01 km -3 water equivalent. The lake elevation increased by 1.46 ± 0.10 m (0.21 m · a -1) The relative water volume increased by 0.16 ± 0.01km ~ 3. 4) Solar radiation and temperature increase were the main causes of glacier ablation. A slight increase of precipitation did not make up for the influence of solar radiation and warming. Increasing glacier meltwater is the main reason for the expansion of tea card area and the rising water level. The slight increase of precipitation and the increase of frozen soil degradation and ablation are not the main factors for the increase of lake water.