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目的:编制军人负性应激事件量表,检验其信效度。方法:根据应激-易感模型和理性-理论化法,结合军事职业特点,拟定原始条目池;专家对原始题目进行甄别并进行完善;对125名军队基层指挥官进行开放式问卷调查以量化评估条目,据此增减、修正,编制初始量表;专家进一步对初始量表进行量化确认。施测1257名现役军人,分析量表的信效度。结果:依据应激事件发生时间的不同,量表分为急性应激和慢性应激两个分量表,包括39个相同条目,分为军事应激、婚恋家庭应激、团队人际应激、其他个人应激4个因子。急、慢性应激两个分量表的Cronbach’α系数分别为0.856、0.914;急性应激各因子与其总分相关为0.630~0.848,慢性应激各因子与其总分相关为0.779~0.882;急性应激与焦虑相关显著(r=0.391,P<0.01)、慢性应激与抑郁相关显著(r=0.494,P<0.01)。结论:军人负性应激事件量表的信效度良好,适用于军队心理卫生工作。
Objective: To prepare military negative stress events scale and test its reliability and validity. Methods: According to the stress-susceptibility model and the rational-theorized method, combined with the characteristics of the military occupation, draw up the original entry pool; the experts screened and perfected the original title; conducted an open questionnaire survey on 125 army grassroots commanders to quantify Evaluation items, accordingly increase or decrease, amend, prepare the initial scale; experts further quantify the initial scale to confirm. 1257 active servicemen were inspected, and the reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed. Results: According to the time of occurrence of stress events, the scale was divided into two subscales of acute stress and chronic stress, including 39 identical items, which were divided into military stress, marital family stress, team interpersonal stress and other Personal stress four factors. The Cronbach’α coefficients of acute and chronic stress subscales were 0.856 and 0.914, respectively. The correlation between acute stress factors and their total scores was 0.630-0.848, and the correlation between chronic stress factors and their total scores was 0.779-0.882. The correlation between stress and anxiety was significant (r = 0.391, P <0.01), and chronic stress was significantly associated with depression (r = 0.494, P <0.01). Conclusion: The negative and positive stress scale of servicemen has good reliability and validity, which is suitable for military mental health work.