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1.前言最近几年,液压凿岩机在矿山、土木建筑等各个领域得到广泛使用,但其问世时间不长,还处于开发阶段。现在使用的液压凿岩机,从结构上看和气动凿岩机一样,活塞和阀有相互控制关系。使活塞运动的方法有如下三种:第一种方法,活塞前腔加常压,而让活塞后腔的压力变化,因活塞截面积之差使活塞运动;第二种方法与其相反,活塞后腔加常压,让活塞前腔压力变化;第三种方法是活塞前、后腔压力交替变化。上述方法在结构方面还处于研究阶段,但在设计液压凿岩机时,不管用哪种方式,都应该考虑尽可能地把高压油的能量有效地变换为活塞的冲击能。
1. Introduction In recent years, hydraulic rock drills have been widely used in various fields such as mines, civil engineering and construction, etc. However, they have not been developed yet and are still in the development stage. The hydraulic rock drill now in use, structurally speaking, has the same control of the piston and the valve as the pneumatic rock drill. There are three ways to move the piston: The first method, the piston before the cavity plus pressure, leaving the piston after the cavity pressure changes due to the difference between the piston cross-sectional area of the piston movement; the second method is the opposite, the piston rear cavity Plus pressure, so that before the piston pressure changes; the third method is the piston before and after the cavity pressure changes. The above method is still in the research stage in terms of structure. However, in designing a hydraulic rock drill, regardless of the method, consideration should be given to effectively converting the energy of the high-pressure oil into the impact energy of the piston as much as possible.