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国家人权机构是在国际人权保护机制影响下逐渐建立起来的国内人权促进和保护机制,《关于国家人权机构地位的原则》(《巴黎原则》)被公认为国家人权机构发展的里程碑。但是,对国家人权机构的理解目前仍处于初期阶段。本文以《巴黎原则》为基础,围绕国家人权机构的设立和作用,对国家人权机构的定义、特点、分类、职责等基本问题加以澄清,以期为进一步研究提供理论基础。
The national human rights institution is a domestic mechanism for the promotion and protection of human rights gradually established under the influence of international human rights protection mechanisms. The “Principles on the Status of National Human Rights Institutions” (the “Paris Principles”) are widely recognized as milestones in the development of national human rights institutions. However, the understanding of national human rights institutions is still in its infancy. Based on the “Paris Principles”, this article focuses on the establishment and role of national human rights institutions and clarifies some basic issues such as the definition, characteristics, classification and responsibilities of NHRIs so as to provide a theoretical basis for further research.