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城市建筑迎风面积密度(Frontal Area Density,FAD)作为重要的城市形态学参数之一,对其定量分析与制图,对城市微气候研究有着重要意义。为了找出高效可靠的方法分析城市建筑FAD的分布情况,本文以福建省晋江市为例,选取了矢量计算模型和栅格计算模型对FAD进行模拟,从计算效率、不同尺度和不同土地利用类型上,对结果进行对比分析。研究表明:计算效率上,矢量模型比栅格模型高。在城市尺度上,栅格模型与矢量模型模拟结果与宏观建筑分布特征一致,二者皆适用;在街区尺度上,栅格模型模拟结果比矢量模型更符合建筑分布规律。栅格模型的计算结果较矢量模型稳定,受分辨率影响小。在不同土地利用类型上,对于建筑分布稀疏区域2种模型皆适用;而对于建筑密集区,如商业区、城市住宅区等,栅格模型计算结果更优。
Frontal Area Density (FAD) is one of the most important urban morphological parameters, and its quantitative analysis and mapping are of great significance to the study of urban microclimate. In order to find out the efficient and reliable method to analyze the distribution of FAD in urban architecture, this paper takes Jinjiang City, Fujian Province as an example, and selects vector calculation model and grid computing model to simulate FAD. From the aspects of computational efficiency, different scales and different types of land use On the comparative analysis of the results. The research shows that in computational efficiency, the vector model is higher than the grid model. On city scale, the simulation results of grid model and vector model are consistent with those of macrostructure, both of them are applicable. On the block scale, the grid model simulation results are more in line with the building distribution rules than the vector model. The results of the grid model are more stable than the vector model and are less affected by the resolution. For different types of land use, the two models are applicable to the sparsely-distributed buildings. For the densely-populated areas such as commercial areas and urban residential areas, the grid model is more effective.