作者对肥大的咽扁桃体进行了需氧和厌氧培养及细菌学检查,目的是明确检出菌株的种类和使用抗生素后菌种的变化。检查对象为学龄前和小学低年级儿童因咽扁桃体肥大伴有复发性中耳炎、鼻窦炎、耳聋、张口呼吸等而需手术者,共34例。方法是将切除的咽扁桃体灭菌后,一部分深层组织切成小片接种于GAM半固体培基内,另一部分研碎接种于血培养瓶中作纯种培养,然后进行需氧和厌氧分离。〔结果和讨论〕按使用抗生素情况把患儿分成三组:Ⅰ组为全身应用抗生素及局部喷雾至术前者;Ⅱ组为全身应用抗生素到术前一个月,但局部喷雾至术前者;Ⅲ组仅局部喷雾或无任何治疗。作者把检出菌的结果与各家的统计列表加以比较。正常的扁桃体及其各种炎症例中,检出菌主要为链球菌,奈瑟氏球菌,葡萄球菌。急性 The authors performed an aerobic and anaerobic culture and bacteriological examination of the hypertrophied pharyngeal tonsils in order to identify the type of strain and the changes of the species after using antibiotics. The subjects were preschoolers and primary school children of grade due to pharyngeal tonsillar hypertrophy with recurrent otitis media, sinusitis, deafness, mouth breathing and other surgery required, a total of 34 cases. The method comprises the following steps of: sterilizing the excised pharyngeal amygdala, inoculating a part of the deep tissue into small pieces of GAM semi-solid culture medium, grinding and inoculating it into a blood culture flask for pure culture, and then performing aerobic and anaerobic separation. [Results and discussion] According to the use of antibiotics, the children were divided into three groups: group Ⅰ for systemic antibiotics and local spray to the preoperative; group Ⅱ for systemic antibiotics to the first month before surgery, but the local spray to the preoperative; Group Ⅲ only partial spray or without any treatment. The authors compare the results of the tests with individual statistical lists. In normal tonsils and various inflammation cases, the main pathogens detected are Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Staphylococcus. acute