“攘外必先安内”是九一八事变前后至西安事变前南京国民政府处理内政、外交的基本准则与总方针。多年来,海峡两岸学者对“攘外必先安内”的解释与评价存在着原则分歧。台湾学者认为此一方针的执行造就了中国建设的“黄金”时期,并为八年抗战作了充分准备。大陆传统观点认为,此一方针是“只剿共,不抗日”的妥协、投降方针。笔者认为这两种说法都不够科学。为了正确评价“攘外必先安内”方针,有必要对此方针形成过程作一全面考察。 “Anti-barbarism must be the first internal security” before and after the September 18 Incident and the Nanjing National Government before the Xi’an Incident to deal with the basic guidelines and general guidelines for the internal affairs and diplomacy. Over the years, scholars on both sides of the strait have divided their principles on the interpretation and evaluation of “pre-emptive strife outside the country.” Taiwan scholars believe that the implementation of this guideline has created the “golden” period for China’s construction and fully prepared for the eight-year war of resistance. According to the mainland’s traditional view, this guideline is the compromise and surrender principle of “suppressing only the CCP and not resisting the Japanese.” I think these two statements are not enough science. In order to correctly appraise the principle that “we must first of all be peaceful, we must make a comprehensive investigation of the formation of this guideline.”