1992年第1株转基因小麦问世。近几年,以基因枪法为代表的转基因体系已经基本建立,农杆菌介导法基因转化获得突破,花粉管通道法转基因取得实用性成果。转基因小麦研究已经由转化体系的建立和完善向改良小麦品种过度。本文主要介绍近几年的进展,提出存在的主要问题和未来的展望。 1992 first transgenic wheat appeared. In recent years, the genetically modified (GM) system represented by the gene gun has basically been established. A breakthrough has been achieved in gene transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transgenic pollen tube pathway has achieved practical results. Transgenic wheat research has been overhauled to improve wheat varieties by establishing and perfecting the transformation system. This article mainly introduces the progress in recent years, puts forward the main problems and future prospects.