马克思的意识形态理论在《德意志意识形态》中以批判青年黑格尔派为代表的“现代德国哲学”而出场,通过批判青年黑格尔派所主张的观念与社会存在的关系和精神与历史的关系,阐发了马克思的意识形态概念,也同时明确了历史唯物主义的思想。意识形态作为某一阶级或阶层为关于自身利益或自身存在的政治合法性和思想合理性进行辩护的观念或理论体系,有其存在的合法性的一面,但其虚假性也是每一个统治阶级所无法避免的。意识形态的完结归根结底是,由于阶级利益渐趋一致,统治阶级及其思想霸权对民众的压抑作用丧失,意识形态虚假性随之消亡,进而意识形态也便丧失了它存在的必要和可能。 Marx’s theory of ideology came into play in the “German Ideology” in criticizing the “modern German philosophy” represented by the youth Hegelians. By criticizing the relationship and spirit between the ideas advocated by the young Hegelians and social existence And history, elucidated the concept of Marx’s ideology, but also made clear the historical materialism. Ideology, as a concept or theoretical system in which a certain class or class defenders its political interests or the legitimacy of its own existence, has its existence of legitimacy, but its falseness is also the result of every ruling class inevitable. In the final analysis, the end of ideology is that, as the interests of the classes become more and more consistent, the suppression of the populace by the ruling class and its ideological hegemony loses their falsification, and the ideology becomes fake, and ideology loses the necessity and possibility of its existence.