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本文以经验公式的形式给出五种材料液氢至室温的比热测试结果。包括金属、非金属结构材料以及泡沫绝热材料。在大量实验的基础上,对固体低温比热的精确测定和拟合方法进行了探讨。提出了以下见解:1.从简单固体原子比热的Debye模型出发,提出了低温比热测试中最佳温升的概念及其方程:2.提出了根据材料的密度、热导率等性质选择温度计的类型及试样组装结构的原则;3.鉴于目前仅有很小温度范围内适用的低温比热经验公式,提出了用正交函数最小二乘拟合技术求20～300K大范围比热经验公式的设想,并获满意的结果。
In this paper, empirical formula is given in the form of liquid hydrogen to room temperature five specific heat test results. Including metal, non-metallic structural materials and foam insulation. On the basis of a large number of experiments, the exact determination and fitting method of the specific heat of solid at low temperature are discussed. The following opinions are put forward: 1. From the Debye model of simple solid atomic specific heat, the concept and the equation of the optimum temperature rise in low temperature specific heat test are put forward: 2. According to the Debye model, The type of the thermometer and the principle of the sample assembly structure.3. In view of the low temperature specific heat empirical formula that is suitable for a very small temperature range, a method is proposed to obtain a large range of specific heat of 20-300 K Expectations of empirical formula, and satisfactory results.