目的了解地震后居民卫生行为情况,评价健康教育效果。方法2008-07-09/11,采用分层定群抽样方法,抽取汶川县七盘沟社区(城市集中安置)、威州镇铁邑村(农村分散安置)、绵池镇(农村集中安置)3个点,各点选取30户,每户抽取家庭主要成员1人,进行问卷调查。结果居民对喝不干净水会传播疾病,饮水传播肠道传染病、寄生虫病,苍蝇传播痢疾、深部外伤应该注射破伤风类毒素的主要卫生知识知晓率均在80%以上;居民获得健康教育知识中电视、宣传资料、防疫队员讲解、广播的方式,分别是47.8%、43.3%、37.8%和35.6%,城区获得方式更多样;46.5%的被调查者在有卫生需求时首先想到从防疫队伍处获得帮助;95.2%的被调查者对饮水进行了消毒,使用煮沸消毒的占76.7%;从不喝生水的行为从地震前的41.6%上升到地震2周内的80.5%,到地震后2月的88.5%,经常喝生水的行为从地震前的27%下降到地震后的2.3%;完全做到饭前便后洗手的从地震前的34.1%上升到调查时的45.5%,经常不洗手的从27%下降到2.3%。结论汶川县地震后通过多种宣传手段,居民的健康知识得到普及,健康行为与地震前相比有了很大的改善并维持到灾后2个月,行为基本形成。防疫队员讲解与帮助是健康促进的很好手段。 Objective To understand the health behavior of residents after an earthquake and evaluate the effectiveness of health education. Methods From July 07 to August 11, 2008, a hierarchical sampling method was adopted to collect Qipangou community in Wenchuan County (central resettlement), Tiejiao Village in Weizhou County (distributed rural resettlement), and Mianchi Town (central rural resettlement). 3 points, 30 points were selected for each point, and 1 member of each household was selected to conduct a questionnaire survey. As a result, the residents’ awareness of the importance of drinking unclean water to spread diseases, drinking water to spread intestinal infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, fly-borne diarrhea, and deep trauma should be the main health knowledge rate for tetanus toxoid injection. In the knowledge, TV, publicity materials, epidemic prevention team members explained, and broadcasting methods were 47.8%, 43.3%, 37.8%, and 35.6%, respectively, and urban areas had more ways to obtain the information; 46.5% of the respondents first thought about The epidemic prevention team got help; 95.2% of respondents polluted drinking water, and used boiled disinfection accounted for 76.7%; never drinking raw water increased from 41.6% before the earthquake to 80.5% within 2 weeks of the earthquake. In the 88.5% after the earthquake, 88.5% of the regular drinking water fell from 27% before the earthquake to 2.3% after the earthquake; the total number of people who wash their hands before and after lunch rose from 34.1% before the earthquake to 45.5% at the time of the survey. , often do not wash their hands down from 27% to 2.3%. Conclusion After the earthquake in Wenchuan County, residents’ health knowledge was popularized through various propaganda methods. Health behaviors were greatly improved compared to those before the earthquake and maintained for 2 months after the earthquake. Basic behaviors were formed. It is a good means for health promotion to explain and help the epidemic prevention team.