融合了介入、影像和外科技术的微创术式被称为“复合”(Hybrid)技术正成为心脏外科微创化发展的主要方向。超声心动图可以在术中进行实时引导,即时评价疗效,成为“复合”技术中主要的环节。本文就术中超声途径的选择、适应证、多种超声手段组合等进行回顾,并对未来应用前景进行展望。 The minimally invasive technique that incorporates interventional, imaging and surgical techniques is called the “Hybrid” technique and is becoming the main focus of minimally invasive cardiac surgery. Echocardiography can be guided in real-time during surgery to assess the efficacy of immediate, as a “composite” technology in the main part. This article reviews the choice of intraoperative ultrasound pathways, indications, a combination of multiple ultrasound means, and prospects for future applications.