清代乾嘉时期的学者章学诚,在考据学风最为昌盛的学术环境下,独树一帜,对史学理论、校雠学(即目录学)理论、方志学理论等皆做出许多独到的论述,近代以来成为史学研究的热门课题而经久不衰,不仅专题论文的数量极其众多,而且在中国思想史、史学史、文献目录学史、方志学史等类著述中,也鲜有舍章氏不谈者。关于章学诚学术思想的研究,涉及20世纪中国史学的诸多方面,对于这一专门问题的总结回顾,有助于认 Zhang Xuecheng, a scholar in the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty, was unique in his academic environment of the most prosperous style of study. He made many unique expositions on the theories of history, school science (ie bibliography) The hot topics of historical research are enduring. Not only the number of monographs is extremely large, but also few articles on the history of Chinese thought, historiography, bibliography, history of chorography, etc. The study of Zhang Xuecheng’s academic thoughts involves many aspects of Chinese history in the 20th century. A review of this special issue helps to identify