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目的了解全国省市两级采供血机构临床血液供应现状。方法由中国输血协会设计并发放《全国采供血机构供血信息调查表》,调查项目包括:全血、红细胞、血浆、冷沉淀凝血因子以及浓缩白细胞等的临床供应量。于2015年7月1日发放到全国省市两级采供血机构,对其2012-2014年临床血液供应做回顾性调查。省市两级采供血机构按要求下载和填报,至8月31日截止并收回《调查表》。中国输血协会献血促进工作委员会负责用Excel2007录入和整理,采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对有效问卷统计分析。结果此次问卷调查的有效率为100%(350/350)。2012-2014年全国省市两级血站每年临床供血量:全血及红细胞(万U)的分别为1 864.47、1 898.58[较2012年增长1.83%(34.11/1864.47)]和1 965.88[较2013年增长3.54%(67.30/1 898.58)],机采血小板(万治疗量)分别为97.41、112.96[较2012年增长15.95%(15.54/97.41)]和124.08[较2013年增长9.85%(11.13/112.96)],血浆(万U)分别为2 752.93、2 765.76[较2012年增长0.47%(12.82/2 752.93)]和2830.75[较2013年增长2.35%(64.99/2 765.76)],冷沉淀(万U)分别为165.39、189.13[较2012年增长14.35%(23.74/165.39)]和236.65[较2013年增长25.12%(47.52/189.13)];浓缩白细胞(万U)分别为2.33、3.11[较2012年增长33.55%(0.78/2.33)]和2.18[较2013年下降了29.71%(0.92/3.11)]。手工血小板(万U)分别为56.30、48.45[较2012年下降了13.93%(7.84/56.30)]和44.23[较2013年下降了8.73%(4.23/48.45)]。血液中心和中心血站提供的血液制品的构成有明显差异:血液中心以非去白悬浮红细胞和新鲜冰冻血浆为主,中心血站以去白悬浮红细胞和病毒灭活血浆为主。按区域人口计算,全国各区域供血量存在明显差异:2014年,各区域全血及红细胞、机采血小板、血浆及冷沉淀的供应量(U/万人):东北分别为150.36、9.22、228.86和18.33,华南分别为150.87、9.68、142.20和35.35,华北分别为166.28、14.02、183.34和7.45,华中分别为152.64、9.32、125.94和21.25,华东分别为139.73、10.18、285.30和17.92,西北分别为144.85、5.80、137.36和8.71,西南分别为115.87、3.51、240.80和9.45。结论我国的临床血液供应增势逐年下降,未来血液供应将面临更多的挑战。
Objective To understand the clinical blood supply status of blood collection and supply agencies at provincial and municipal levels. Methods The Chinese Society of Blood Transfusion Association designed and distributed the Questionnaire on Blood Supply in National Blood Collection and Supply Agency. The survey items include clinical supplies of whole blood, erythrocytes, plasma, cryoprecipitated coagulation factors, and concentrated white blood cells. On July 1, 2015, it was distributed to the blood collection and treatment agencies at the provincial, municipal and municipal levels for a retrospective survey of its clinical blood supply in 2012-2014. Provincial and municipal blood supply and demand agencies to download and fill in reports, to August 31 deadline and to recover the “questionnaire.” China Blood Transfusion Association Blood Donation Promotion Committee is responsible for the use of Excel2007 entry and finishing, using SPSS 19.0 statistical software for statistical analysis of valid questionnaires. Results The survey was 100% efficient (350/350). The annual clinical blood supply of blood and blood cells at national, provincial and municipal levels in 2012-2014 were 1864.47 and 1898.58 respectively [1.83% (34.11 / 1864.47) higher than in 2012] and 1 965.88 [ Representing an increase of 3.54% (67.30 / 1 898.58) compared with that of 2013). The number of platelets collected for treatment (million doses) was 97.41 and 112.96 respectively [15.95% (15.54 / 97.41) more than in 2012] and 124.08 (9.85% 11.13 / 112.96), and blood plasma (UU) were 2 752.93 and 2 765.76 respectively [an increase of 0.47% (12.82 / 2 752.93) compared with 2012 and 2830.75 [an increase of 2.35% (64.99 / 2 765.76) over 2013] The sedimentation volume was 165.39,189.13 [14.35% (23.74 / 165.39) compared with that of 2012 and 236.65 [25.12% (47.52 / 189.13) more than that of 2013 respectively); the concentration of leukocytes (million U) was 2.33 and 3.11 respectively [Up 33.55% (0.78 / 2.33) compared with 2012] and 2.18 [down 29.71% (0.92 / 3.11) from 2013). Manual platelets (UU) were 56.30,48.45 [down 13.93% (7.84 / 56.30) compared with 2012 and 44.23 [down 8.73% (4.23 / 48.45) compared to 2013). There were significant differences in the composition of blood products between the blood center and the center blood station: the blood center was dominated by non-white-floating erythrocytes and fresh frozen plasma, and the center blood stations were white-deactivated erythrocytes and virus-inactivated plasma. According to the regional population, there are significant differences in the amount of blood supply in all regions of the country. In 2014, the supply of whole blood, erythrocytes, platelet-collecting plasma, plasma and cryoprecipitate in various regions (U / 10,000 population) was 150.36 and 9.22 in the northeast, 228.86 and 18.33 in South China and 150.87, 9.68, 142.20 and 35.35 in South China, 166.28, 14.02, 183.34 and 7.45 respectively in North China, 152.64, 9.32, 125.94 and 21.25 in Central China, and 139.73, 10.18, 285.30 and 17.92 in East China respectively 144.85, 5.80, 137.36 and 8.71, and southwestern 115.87, 3.51, 240.80 and 9.45 respectively. Conclusion The increasing trend of clinical blood supply in our country declines year by year, and the future blood supply will face more challenges.