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普通法又称案例法或判例法、法官造法或习惯法,它由古老的习惯法演变而来,和自然法思想紧密联系。自然法思想在人类社会中表现为一种公平、正义的关系。从古罗马哲学家西塞罗到16～17世纪的荷兰法学家格劳秀斯,他们对自然法的认识非常一致。英国的法律体系以普通法为特征,在其普通法形成的后期,王室法庭的建立及相应的令状制和陪审制的出现,对巩固普通法的存在和发展起到了重要作用。1066年诺曼征服后,王室法院的兴起使法官能够了解、收集和加工各地习惯法,据之判决,并在类似案件中使用,将其整
Common law, also known as case law or case law, judge law or customary law, evolved from ancient customary law and closely linked to the idea of natural law. Natural law thought manifests as a fair and just relationship in human society. From the ancient Roman philosopher Cicero to the Dutch jurist Grotius from the 16th to the 17th centuries, their understanding of the law of nature was very consistent. The legal system of the United Kingdom is characterized by the common law. The establishment of the court of the royal court and the corresponding emergence of writs and jury systems play an important role in consolidating the existence and development of common law in the latter part of the formation of common law. After Norman conquered in 1066, the rise of the royal courts enabled the judges to understand, collect and process customary laws around the country, according to the verdict and used in similar cases to