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目的监测扬州市一类疫苗预防接种反应发生情况。方法采用描述流行病学方法对扬州市预防接种反应监测资料进行分析研究。结果 2010年扬州市11种一类疫苗共接种741552剂次,报告预防接种反应363例,反应发生率为4.90/万;江都市最高为6.77/万、开发区最低为3.31/万,不同地区预防接种反应差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.17,P<0.01);7月最高为14.23/万,2月最低为1.32/万,不同时间预防接种反应差异有统计学意义(χ2=163.99,P<0.01);反应发生率以无细胞百白破三联(DPaT)最高为13.49/万,脊灰疫苗(PV)最低为0.46/万,不同疫苗预防接种反应差异有统计学意义(χ2=365.44,P<0.01);发生反应类型一般反应以发热为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹为主;疑似预防接种反应监测及时报告率、调查率、诊断分类率和规范处置率均为100%。平均每报告处置1人的费用为0.07万元。结论扬州市预防接种反应发生率低,预防接种反应监测系统比较完善,建议加强预防接种反应监测、规范安全接种操作,增强工作责任心,提高反应处置能力,增加处置经费的投入。
Objective To monitor the occurrence of a type of vaccination vaccination in Yangzhou. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of immunization in Yangzhou City. Results In 2010, a total of 741552 doses of 11 kinds of vaccines were collected in Yangzhou City, of which 363 were vaccinated. The response rate was 4.90 per 10,000; the highest in Jiangdu was 6.77 / million and the lowest in developed areas was 3.31 / Inoculation reaction was statistically significant (χ2 = 25.17, P <0.01); the highest was 14.23 / million in July and the lowest was 1.32 / million in February. There was significant difference in vaccination response at different time points (χ2 = 163.99, P < 0.01). The highest incidence of DPaT was 13.49 per 10 000 and the lowest was 0.46 per 10,000 for PVa. There was significant difference in vaccination response between different vaccines (χ2 = 365.44, P <0.01). The general reaction type was fever, and the abnormal reaction was mainly allergic rash. The timely report rate of suspected vaccination reaction monitoring, investigation rate, diagnostic classification rate and standard treatment rate were 100%. The average cost of handling one report per person is RMB0.07 thousand. Conclusion The incidence of immunization in Yangzhou City is low and the monitoring system for vaccination response is more perfect. It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of vaccination response, standardize safe inoculation operation, enhance the responsibility of work, improve the response capacity and increase the input of disposal funds.