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目的了解2015年湖北省血吸虫病重点水域的水体感染性,分析可疑高危环境血吸虫病潜在传播风险,防范汛期人畜感染血吸虫病。方法选择长江、汉北河、富河3大水系设立哨鼠监测预警点。汛期(6-7月、9-10月),采用哨鼠监测法检测水体的感染性;收集哨鼠监测点周边村组历年病情资料;观察滩面人、畜活动情况。小白鼠饲养35 d后解剖,对出现感染性水体的区域启动应急响应机制。结果第1批次14个哨鼠监测点中,长江流域有1个点检出阳性哨鼠,阳性点检出率为7.14%。共投放哨鼠302只,回收285只,并全部解剖,发现阳性哨鼠5只,捡获血吸虫成虫21条,哨鼠总感染率为1.75%,阳性鼠平均虫荷为4.20条/鼠。发现的1个哨鼠阳性点及时启动了应急响应机制,未出现血吸虫病重大疫情。第2批次5个哨鼠点,共投放哨鼠105只,回收103只,并全部解剖,未发现阳性哨鼠。结论哨鼠监测法对于分析血吸虫病传播风险具有重要意义。
Objective To understand the water infectivity of schistosomiasis in key waters of Hubei province in 2015, and to analyze the potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission in suspicious high-risk areas and to prevent the infection of schistosomiasis in humans and animals in flood season. Methods The Yangtze River, Hanbei River and Fuhe 3 water systems were set up to monitor the warning points of sentinel mice. Flood season (June-July, September-October), the use of sentinel monitoring method to detect water infectivity; collected pasture monitoring sites around the village group over the years the disease data; observe the beach people, livestock activity. After 35 days of feeding, the mice were dissected and the emergency response mechanism was activated in the area where infectious water appeared. Results In the first batch of 14 sentinel mice, one positive point was detected in the Yangtze River valley, and the positive detection rate was 7.14%. A total of 302 sentinels were recovered and 285 were collected. All the animals were dissected and found that there were 5 positive sentinel rats and 21 adult schistosomiasis sires. The total infection rate in sentinel rats was 1.75%. The average number of positive worms was 4.20 in mice per mouse. Found a positive point of a sentinel in time to start the emergency response mechanism, did not appear major epidemic of schistosomiasis. The second batch of 5 sentinel sites, a total of 105 sent to the sentinel, recovery 103, and all anatomical, did not find the positive sentinel. Conclusion Sentimental monitoring method is of great significance for analyzing the risk of schistosomiasis transmission.