目的了解西部某医学院校大学生自测健康状况及其影响因素,为改善医学生的健康状况提供参考依据。方法分层整群抽取西部某医学院校一～四年级在校本科生1 547名,采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS V1.0)进行问卷调查。结果医学生的SRHMS总平均分为(73.48±9.50)分,生理健康子量表得分最高,心理健康子量表得分最低。不同性别大学生SRHMS总分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),男生生理健康子量表得分高于女生,而社会健康子量表得分低于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,经常担忧自身健康、不关注或很少关注自身健康、不经常进行体育锻炼以及有学习压力是影响医学生自测健康状况的重要因素。结论医学生心理健康状况值得关注,应针对影响因素采取综合措施来改善医学生的身心健康。 Objective To understand the self-rated health status and its influencing factors of college students in western medical colleges and to provide reference for improving medical students’ health status. Methods A total of 1 547 undergraduates from 1st to 4th grade in a western medical university were stratified and clustered to carry out a questionnaire survey using self-rated health assessment scale (SRHMS V1.0). Results The average score of SRHMS in medical students was (73.48 ± 9.50) points, with the highest scores in the physical health sub-scale and the lowest in the mental health sub-scale. There was no significant difference in SRHMS scores among different sexes (P> 0.05). The score of male students’ physical health subscale was higher than that of female students, while the score of social health subscale was lower than that of female students (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that frequent worry about their own health, lack of attention or little attention to their own health, infrequent physical activity and learning pressure are important factors that affect medical students’ self-rated health status. Conclusion The mental health status of medical students deserves our attention. Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the physical and mental health of medical students according to the influential factors.