咯血是常见的临床症状,大约8%的肺部疾病有此表现。咯血病因复杂。现就咯血的病因、胸片正常咯血患者的诊断、大咯血的治疗进展简介如下。一、咯血的病因:主要的病因仍是结核、支气管扩张(支扩)、肺部炎症(包括化脓性病变)、肺癌等。Conlan等总结了123例大咯血患者,其病因结核占38%、支气管扩张症30%、肺化脓症9%。但事实上近年来结核和结核性支扩咯血的发病率在不断下降,而肺癌咯血的发生率在明显上升。例如中野报告201例中,肺癌占26.9%、支扩、支气管炎32.3%、结核(包括陈旧性者)16.4%、 Hemoptysis is a common clinical symptom, with about 8% of lung diseases having this condition. Hemoptysis is complicated. Is the cause of hemoptysis, chest X-ray hemoptysis in patients with the diagnosis of hemoptysis treatment progress is as follows. First, the cause of hemoptysis: The main cause is still tuberculosis, bronchiectasis (branch expansion), lung inflammation (including purulent lesions), lung cancer and so on. Conlan et al. Summarized 123 patients with massive hemoptysis, accounting for 38% of the etiology of tuberculosis, 30% of bronchiectasis, and 9% of pulmonary pus. However, in fact, the incidence of hemoptysis in tuberculosis and tuberculosis is declining in recent years, and the incidence of hemoptysis in lung cancer is obviously rising. For example, Nakano reported 201 cases of lung cancer accounted for 26.9%, bronchiectasis, bronchitis 32.3%, tuberculosis (including those who are old) 16.4%