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目的:研究运动速度持续变化时步态转换过程中的下肢神经肌肉活动模式。方法:在所有变化和均速都控制在一定速度范围内的前提下,比较跑步机速度改变所引起的与步态转换(走到跑和跑到走)相应的肌肉活动和均速走跑时的肌肉活动。收集分析股大肌、股直肌、股外由侧肌、股二头肌、胫前肌、腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的表面肌电活动,并分析运动速度和模式的影响。结果:本研究揭示了与步态转换相应的非线性肌肉活动,例如,在接近走到跑转换的最后5步内,股大肌、股直肌、腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的峰数量随速度呈二次曲线增加;在接近跑到走转换的最后5步内,股大肌的活动持续时间随速度呈二次曲线规律改变。这些对速度改变的非线性反应只能在与步态转换相关的条件下发现,在均速条件下未观察到。结论:在准备步态转换时,由于速度改变,在步态转换之前几步中可产生神经肌肉调节;步态转换不是对任何触发机制的即时反应。
Objective: To study the pattern of lower extremity neuromuscular movement in gait transitional process with continuous changes in exercise velocity. Methods: Under the condition that all the changes and the average speed are controlled within a certain speed range, comparing the muscle activity corresponding to the change of the treadmill (walking and running) and the average running speed caused by the change of treadmill speed Muscle activity. Collecting and analyzing the myoelectrical activities of the muscles of the femoral, rectus femoris, lateral femoral, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and analyzing the influence of the velocity and pattern of motion. RESULTS: This study revealed non-linear muscle activity corresponding to gait transitions. For example, the number of femoral, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles peaked at two paces during the last five steps of transition to gait transition Times curve increased; in the last five steps of transition to go to the transition, the duration of activity of the femoralis muscle changes with the law of the quadratic curve. These non-linear responses to velocity changes were only found under conditions associated with gait transitions and were not observed at mean velocity. CONCLUSIONS: Neuromuscular modulation can be produced in a few steps prior to gait transition due to speed changes in preparation for gait transition; gait transition is not an immediate response to any triggering mechanism.