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目的为了解漳州市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况,防控由空调污染引起的呼吸道传染病的传播和流行。方法据《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》要求,随机抽取漳州市39家公共场所的集中空调通风系统进行采样检测。结果抽检的39套集中空调系统总合格率20.5%,2009—2013年合格率分别为0、15.4%、16.7%、30.0%和33.3%;市级公共场所集中空调通风系统监测合格率(26.3%)略高于县级(15.0%);β-溶血性链球菌均未检出,风管内表面积尘量、嗜肺军团和细菌总数依次为86.7%、86.1%和74.9%,真菌总数合格率最低(54.9%);冷却水及冷凝水嗜肺军团菌总合格率为86.1%,其中冷却水检出率(17.0%)略高于冷凝水(5.3%);使用≤5年和5~10年,冷却水检出率分别为15.4%和17.5%,冷凝水检出率分别为0和12.5%;冷却水未定期处理的嗜肺军团菌检出率28.0%,略高于定期处理检出率11.1%。结论漳州市公共场所集中空调通风系统存在一定程度污染,卫生状况不容乐观,应加强卫生管理,及时消除其卫生安全隐患。
Objective To understand the health status of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Zhangzhou City and to prevent and control the spread and prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases caused by air pollution. Methods According to the requirements of Hygienic Standard for Ventilation System of Central Air Conditioning System in Public Places, a centralized air conditioning and ventilation system was randomly selected from 39 public places in Zhangzhou for sampling and testing. Results The total qualified rate of 39 centralized air-conditioning systems was 20.5%. The passing rates in 2009-2013 were 0,15.4%, 16.7%, 30.0% and 33.3% respectively. The qualified rate of centralized air-conditioning ventilation system in municipal public places was 26.3% ) Was slightly higher than that of the county level (15.0%). No β-hemolytic streptococcus was detected. The amount of dust on the inner surface of the duct, the pneumoconiosis group and bacteria were 86.7%, 86.1% and 74.9% (54.9%). The total qualified rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensing water was 86.1%, of which the detection rate of cooling water was slightly higher than that of condensed water (5.3%); the detection rate of cooling water was only 5% and 5 ~ 10 years , The detection rates of cooling water were 15.4% and 17.5% respectively, and the detection rates of condensate water were 0 and 12.5% respectively. The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila untreated with cooling water was 28.0%, slightly higher than the detection rate of regular treatment 11.1%. Conclusion There is a certain degree of pollution in central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Zhangzhou City. The health condition is not optimistic. Health management should be strengthened to eliminate the hidden dangers of health and safety in time.