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目的探讨吸烟行为、控烟知识以及社会经济状况与吸烟心理的关系。方法采用Russell量表和自行设计的问卷对吸烟者进行吸烟心理(心理意向、口手活动、享乐、镇静、刺激、瘾和社交)与吸烟行为、控烟知识和性别、职业等社会经济因素的调查分析。结果1 006名吸烟者吸烟心理7个维度中得分较高是社交(5.86±2.47)分、镇静(5.72±2.44)分、享乐(5.34±2.46)分和刺激(5.25±2.60)分;男性吸烟者的社交和享乐得分高于女性吸烟者(P<0.01);已婚吸烟者的社交、享乐和刺激得分高于未婚吸烟者(P<0.05);医疗卫生行业吸烟者的社交和享乐得分高于其他行业者(P<0.05);吸烟者开始吸烟年龄越早,累计吸烟年限越长,每日吸烟量越多,控烟知识知晓程度越低,其社交、镇静、享乐和刺激得分越高。结论性别、婚姻状况、职业、烟草使用和控烟知识知晓情况是吸烟心理的影响因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between smoking behavior, tobacco control knowledge, socioeconomic status and smoking psychology. Methods The socioeconomic factors such as smoking behavior (psychological intention, mouth-hand activity, pleasure, sedation, stimulation, addiction and social interaction) and smoking behavior, tobacco control knowledge and gender, occupation and so on were investigated by using Russell scale and self-designed questionnaire. analysis. Results One hundred and six smokers had higher scores of smoking in seven dimensions of social psychology (5.86 ± 2.47), sedation (5.72 ± 2.44), pleasure (5.34 ± 2.46) and stimulation (5.25 ± 2.60) (P <0.01). The social, pleasure and stimulus scores of married smokers were higher than those of unmarried smokers (P <0.05). The social and pleasure scores of smokers in health care industry were high In other trades (P <0.05), smokers started to smoke earlier, with longer cumulative smoking duration, more daily smokers, and lower awareness of tobacco control knowledge, with higher social, sedation, pleasure and stimulus scores. Conclusions Knowledge of gender, marital status, occupation, tobacco use and tobacco control is a contributing factor to smoking psychology.