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2005年和2007年分别从望城县已建立27年的肥力定位试验田内采集土壤样品,测定土壤有机碳(TOC)、全N、速效N、速效P、微生物生物量碳、氮(Cmic、Nmic)及土壤呼吸和酶活性,研究长期施用化肥、猪粪和稻草对土壤化学和生物化学性质的影响.结果表明:长期施用化肥、猪粪和稻草处理的土壤pH值与试验前相比均有所下降,电导率(EC)变化不大.化肥与猪粪、稻草配施处理的TOC、全N、速效N、速效P、土壤呼吸、Cmic、Nmic和酶活性均高于不施肥(CK)和单施化肥处理;化肥与猪粪、稻草配施处理的水稻产量也高于单施化肥处理.在研究期间,NK化肥与猪粪、NPK化肥与稻草配施处理的Cmic/TOC大于相应的单施化肥处理.各处理土壤生物化学性质与TOC和养分含量呈正相关(P<0.01).猪粪、稻草与化肥长期配合施用能显著改善土壤化学和生物化学性质,提高土壤质量和土壤肥力.
Soil organic carbon (TOC), total N, available N, available P, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (Cmic, Nmic) were collected from fertile sites located in Wangcheng County for 27 years in 2005 and 2007 respectively. And soil respiration and enzyme activities, and the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers, pig manure and straw on the soil chemical and biochemical properties were studied.The results showed that the soil pH value of long-term application of chemical fertilizers, pig manure and straw was higher than that before the test (TOC), total N, available N, available P, soil respiration, Cmic, Nmic and enzyme activities of fertilizers and pig manure and straw were higher than those of no fertilization (CK) and Fertilizer and pig manure and straw combined with rice were also higher than that of chemical fertilizer alone.During the study period, the Cmic / TOC of NK fertilizer and pig manure, NPK fertilizer and straw was greater than that of the corresponding single (P <0.01) .The long-term application of pig manure, straw and chemical fertilizers can significantly improve the soil chemical and biochemical properties and soil quality and soil fertility.