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自1985年我国制定相关的普通高等学校招生体检标准以来,国家相关部门对普通高等学校招生体检的相关规定进行了多次修订,在此过程中,逐步放宽甚至删除了关于残障考生的诸多限制,这是一个逐渐进步和发展的过程。然而,现行的《普通高等学校招生体检工作指导意见》将残障学生受教育的决定权交给了学校,而且对部分残障人士依然存在限制。这些限制与《残疾人权利公约》《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》等法律法规的宗旨和原则相背离。文章总结了普通高等学校招生体检标准中关于残障限制的历史,建议国家有关部门对《普通高等学校招生体检工作指导意见》进行修订,删除残障限制,以保障残障群体平等受教育权的实现。
Since China formulated the relevant medical examination standards for enrollment of colleges and universities in 1985, the relevant state departments have repeatedly revised the relevant provisions of the medical examination for ordinary institutions of higher learning. During this process, many restrictions on candidates with disabilities were gradually relaxed or even deleted. This is a gradual process of progress and development. However, the existing Guiding Opinions on Physical Examination of Enrolled Students in Colleges and Universities give the decision-making power of handicapped students to education to schools, and still limit some people with disabilities. These restrictions are contrary to the purposes and principles of laws and regulations such as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons. This article summarizes the history of disability restriction in enrollment examination of colleges and universities and suggests that relevant state departments amend the Guidance Opinion on Physical Examination of Enrollment in Colleges and Universities and remove the restriction of disability so as to ensure the realization of the equal right to education of the disabled group.