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目的探讨煤矿工人的应对方式特点与身心健康的关系。方法采用分层抽样和整群抽样相结合的抽样方法随机抽取山西某地在一线作业的煤矿工人600名,进行基本情况调查、自测健康评定量表和应对方式问卷调查,分别评定其应对方式、健康状况及两者的相关性。结果大中型煤矿工人积极应对方式得分分别为(1.93±0.61)、(1.89±0.50)明显高于小型煤矿工人,大、中型煤矿工人消极应对方式得分分别为(1.22±0.53)、(1.24±0.52)明显低于小型煤矿工人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同年龄、不同工龄、不同文化程度的煤矿工人应对方式得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。积极应对方式得分与自测健康的生理、心理、社会子量表得分和总分呈正相关关系(P<0.01),消极应对方式得分与自测健康的生理、心理、社会子量表得分和总分呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论不同年龄、工龄、文化程度及煤矿规模的矿工的应对方式存在差异,积极应对方式有助于煤矿工人的身心健康,消极应对方式对身心健康有负面影响。
Objective To explore the relationship between the characteristics of coping style and physical and mental health of coal miners. Methods A total of 600 coal miners working in a field in Shanxi Province were selected randomly by sampling method combining stratified sampling and cluster sampling. The basic situation survey, self-rated health assessment scale and coping style questionnaire survey were conducted to evaluate their coping styles , Health status and their relevance. Results The scores of active coping styles of large and medium coal miners were (1.93 ± 0.61) and (1.89 ± 0.50) respectively, which were significantly higher than those of small coal mines (1.22 ± 0.53 and 1.24 ± 0.52, respectively) ) Was significantly lower than that of the small-scale coal miners (P <0.01). There was significant difference in the coping style of coal miners with different ages, ages and educational levels (P <0.01). The score of positive coping style was positively correlated with the score of physical, psychological and social sub-scales and the total score of self-rated healthy (P <0.01), the score of negative coping style and the scores of physical, psychological and social sub-scales Points was negative correlation (P <0.05). Conclusion There are differences in the coping styles of miners of different ages, seniority, educational level and coal mine scale. The positive coping styles are helpful to the coal mine workers’ physical and mental health, and the negative coping styles have a negative impact on the physical and mental health.