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随着微电子技术的不断发展,特别是1μm 以下芯片制造工艺的突破和成熟,使整个 IC卡技术呈现出强大的生命力。IC 卡尤其是智能卡(含 CPU 的 IC 卡)的应用也越来越普遍,逐渐渗透到金融、通讯、安全控制等许多重要领域,其安全性和保密性受到了人们的高度关注。如何有效防止各种可能的攻击,成为 IC 卡实际应用系统设计的重要课题。本文以金融支付系统普遍采用的符合 ISO7816标准的串行接触型智能卡为重点,从系统设计的角度出发,介绍了对智能卡本身可能构成的威胁、针对威胁采取的防范措施及安全通讯技术。
With the continuous development of microelectronic technology, especially the breakthrough and maturity of the chip manufacturing process below 1μm, the whole IC card technology presents a strong vitality. The application of IC cards, especially smart cards (CPU-containing IC cards), is also becoming more and more common. They gradually penetrate into many important fields such as finance, communications and security control, and their security and confidentiality have drawn great attention. How to effectively prevent various possible attacks has become an important issue in the practical application of IC card design. This article focuses on the serial contact smart card which is widely used in the financial payment system and conforms to the ISO7816 standard. From the perspective of system design, this article introduces the possible threats to the smart card itself, the countermeasures against threats and the secure communication technology.