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在应对全球气候变暖和保障粮食安全的双重背景下,如何增加土壤碳库容量、提升土壤生产力以及减少环境危害已成为农学家、土壤学家和环境学家在二十一世纪的研究重点和热点,黑碳(或生物碳)在农田土壤中的应用作为一种增加土壤碳库和提高土地生产力的新方法引起了极大关注。本文综述了黑碳在农业土壤中的含量,应用黑碳(生物碳)对作物产量、土壤肥力和温室气体排放的影响;探讨了应用黑碳影响作物生产力和土壤环境行为的机理以及农田土壤应用黑碳在不同区域、作物类型、用量和黑碳性质上的差异表现;展望了农田应用黑碳未来研究的方向和热点。
How to increase soil carbon pool capacity, increase soil productivity and reduce environmental hazards have become the focuses and hot topics for the study of agronomists, soil scientists and environmentalists in the 21st century in the context of coping with global warming and ensuring food security , The use of black carbon (or biochar) in farmland soils has attracted a great deal of attention as a new method of increasing soil carbon pools and increasing land productivity. This paper reviews the effects of black carbon in agricultural soils, the effects of applying black carbon (biochar) on crop yield, soil fertility and greenhouse gas emissions. The mechanism of application of black carbon on crop productivity and soil environmental behavior as well as farmland soil applications The differences of black carbon in different regions, types of crops, the amount of application and the properties of black carbon were discussed. The future directions and hot spots of application of black carbon in farmland were also prospected.