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任何组织制度的安排都要考虑交易费用。改革开放以后,我国农村土地产权改革一直在努力做到产权明晰,但却从未改变过土地归国家或集体所有的性质。本文从交易费用视角出发,分析了我国农村土地产权为什么不转变为土地私有制以及在集体产权之上进一步明晰产权的意义。最后得出,产权的形式并不代表产权制度的合理性,只有交易费用才是决定产权制度合理性的根本。
Any organization system arrangement should consider the transaction costs. After the reform and opening up, China’s rural land property rights reform has been working hard to achieve clear property rights, but has never changed the nature of land owned by the state or the collective. From the perspective of transaction costs, this article analyzes why rural land property rights in China are not transformed into private ownership of land and the significance of further clarifying property rights over collective property rights. Finally, we can conclude that the form of property right does not represent the rationality of property rights system. Only the transaction costs are the basis for determining the rationality of property rights system.