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采用盆栽试验,研究了三种不同生物肥在不同浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下对水稻微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明,在水稻拔节期,供试三种生物肥在不同浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下均可提高土壤细菌数量,生物肥Ⅰ可提高土壤放线菌数量,生物肥Ⅱ在低浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下,土壤放线菌数量与CK无差别,高浓度氯嘧磺隆(3μg.kg-1)胁迫下,可提高土壤放线菌数量。生物肥Ⅲ在施用0.3μg.kg-1氯嘧磺隆时可提高土壤放线菌数量,而氯磺隆常规浓度胁迫下,显著降低土壤放线菌数量。在水稻成熟期,生物肥Ⅰ低浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下对水稻细菌、放线菌和真菌数量无影响,高浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下土壤三种微生物数量减少。生物肥Ⅱ在低浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下对三种微生物数量无影响,高浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下可使土壤微生物数量增加。生物肥Ⅲ在不同浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下对细菌数量影响不明显,高浓度氯磺隆胁迫下,显著降低土壤放线菌数量。供试三种生物肥在不同浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫下均可提高土壤脲酶活性。生物肥Ⅱ解药害能力弱其他两种生物肥较好,有待于田间试验进一步验证。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of three different biological fertilizers on the amount of microorganisms and soil enzyme activities under different concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl. The results showed that at the jointing stage of rice, the three kinds of biological fertilizers could increase the amount of soil bacteria under different concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl, and the number of soil actinomycetes could be increased by biological fertilizer Ⅰ. Under the stress of the soil, the quantity of soil actinomycetes was not different from that of CK. Under high concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl (3μg.kg-1), the quantity of soil actinomycetes could be increased. Bio-fertilizer Ⅲ could increase the amount of soil actinomycetes when applying 0.3μg.kg-1 chlorimuron-ethyl, while the amount of soil actinomycetes significantly decreased under the conventional concentration of chlorsulfuron. At the ripening stage of rice, the concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl in the bio-fertilizer I had no effect on the number of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi in rice, but decreased in the soil under the high concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl. Under the stress of low concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl, bio-fertilizer II had no effect on the quantity of three microorganisms, but under the stress of high concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl, the quantity of soil microorganism could be increased. Under the stress of chlorimuron-ethyl, the concentration of bio-fertilizer Ⅲ had no significant effect on the bacterial population. Under high concentration of chlorsulfuron, the number of soil actinomycetes significantly decreased. The three bio-fertilizers could increase soil urease activity under different concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl. Biofertilizer II anti-phytotoxicity weak The other two kinds of biological fertilizer is better, to be further verified in field trials.